Transplant Trial Watch

Randomized clinical trial to determine the effectiveness of CO-oximetry and anti-smoking brief advice in a cohort of kidney transplant patients who smoke.

Seijo-Bestilleiro, R., et al.

International Journal of Medical Sciences 2020; 17(17): 2673-2684.


Aims
This study aimed to investigate whether measurement of exhaled carbon monoxide (CO) combined with brief advisory sessions on giving up smoking was effective in reducing smoking behaviour in renal transplant recipients, compared to brief advisory sessions alone.

Interventions
Participants were randomized to two groups: the intervention group, in which patients received brief advice on smoking cessation combined with exhaled CO measurement; and the control group, where patients received brief advice on smoking cessation.

Participants
122 kidney transplant patients.

Outcomes
The outcomes of interest were the measurement of smoking habit cessation, CO levels in exhaled air, change in nicotine dependence, variation in the motivational stage of change, change in motivation to giving up smoking, abandonment of smoking and reduction in the number of cigarettes smoked per day.

Follow-up
12 months

CET Conclusions
The randomised controlled trial aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of measuring exhaled carbon monoxide combined with brief advice versus brief advice alone on giving up smoking in adult kidney transplant recipients. The sample size calculation indicated that 60 participants per group were needed for 80% power and 122 participants were randomised using a computer-generated sequence. Only 2 patients (one in each group) dropped out of the study. At 12 months, there were no significant differences in the number of cigarettes per day or the percentage of participants that smoked (31% versus 42%) between groups. However, the exhaled carbon monoxide levels measured by Co-oximetry were significantly lower in the intervention group as was the number of positive cotinine urine tests. The motivation to give up smoking was not significantly different between groups however the scores on the motivational stage of change were in favour of the intervention group.

Jadad score
3

Data analysis
Available case analysis

Allocation concealment
No

Trial registration
ISRCTN16615772; EudraCT number 2015-002009-12

Funding source
Non-industry funded